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Science & Technology Research Institute For Defence
MINISTRY OF DEFENCE MALAYSIA
Mass Per Unit Area
Fabric weight is an important technical specification in fabric performance evaluation. It is measured by exposing a small sample of known dimensions and weighing it, then the weight per unit area is calculated.
Thread Count
Thread count is counting the number of fabric threads per cm. It consists of vertical threads ( warp ) and horizontal threads ( weft ) that are woven together.
Breaking Load
To determine the maximum force and elongation at maximum force of the specimen in a standard environment.
Tearing Strength
To measure how well a material can withstand the effects of tearing or resist increased cutting forces under applied pressure.
Abrasion Resistance Test
Abrasion resistance is the ability of a fabric to resist surface-induced frictional contact with other materials including physical damage to fibers, threads and fabrics.
Dimensional Change After Washing
A change in size (dimension) results in a reduction in the length or width of a specimen subject to certain conditions of known shrinkage.
Color Fastness
To evaluate the color change that occurs in the fabric after a certain color fading test is carried out. Gray Scale is used to evaluate the degree of color change of the results from class 1 (very bad color change) to class 5 (no change in the original color).
The color fading tests carried out are:
- Color fastness to washing
- Color fastness to perspiration
- Color fastness to rubbing
- Color fastness to water
Drape Coefficient Test
A test to measure the softness/fall of fabric. It is defined as the percentage of the annular ring area covered by the drape/softness of the fabric.
Color Coordinate
The method of calculating the color coordinates of the sample. This color coordinate is measured using a spectrophotometer.
Comfort Test on Fabric
To evaluate the moisture management properties of textiles quantitatively by measuring the transfer of liquid moisture on the fabric in various directions, where the liquid moisture is spread over both the surface of the fabric and transferred from one surface to another.
Sweating Guarded Hotplate is to simulate the heat and mass transfer process that occurs on human skin. This tool is used to determine the fabric's heat resistance and water vapor resistance in a standard environment.
Test types:
- Heat resistance test
- Water vapor resistance test
Moisture Content
Moisture analysis is to determine the moisture content in food.
- Rapid Test Method using Moisture Analyzer
- Conventional Method using Oven
Ash Content
Ash content is a measure of the amount of minerals found in food while mineral content is a measure of the amount of certain inorganic components found in food.
Crude Fat
Crude fat content is an estimate of the amount of fat in food. For the fat content test that is carried out is the crude fat content which consists of real fat and some other types of lipids .
Crude Fibre
Crude fiber analysis is used to divide carbohydrates into digestible fractions. Crude fiber extract is one that is used as a standard analysis for the fibrous part or the indigestible carbohydrate part of food.
Crude Protein
Crude protein is a chemical analysis of food where the amount of nitrogen produced during the analysis will be used to estimate the amount of protein in the food.
Energy Value (Bomb Calorimeter)
Bomb Calorimeter is used to determine the energy value of food. The energy value of food shows how much energy can be obtained by humans through the metabolic process . Energy values are expressed in kilojoules (kJ) per 100g or 100ml. However, the energy value that is always used is in units of kilocalories (kcal).
pH value
A pH meter is used to determine the pH value in any type of food. The pH value is a measurement of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution that is usually measured on a scale of 0 to 14. The pH value is important to produce products with consistently defined characteristics, to avoid health problems for consumers and to comply with food regulations.
Brix Value
Brix value ( ºBrix ) is the value of food sugar content. Brix is used in the food industry to measure the amount of sugar in fruit, vegetables, juices, soft drinks and the starch and sugar manufacturing industry.
Sensory Evaluation Test
Sensory Testing is a scientific method to measure, analyze and interpret impressions of products seen through sight, smell, touch, taste and hearing. Sensory testing is carried out if there is a new product developed and the purpose is to evaluate consumer acceptance of the product.
Rapid Test for pH, Color, Total Dissolve Solids (TDS), Turbidity and Microbiological Kit for Water Quality Test
Spectrophotometer and YSI 556 MPS will be used for water quality testing. There are certain parameters that can be determined using this equipment.
Microbiological Kits for Water Quality Testing
- Idexx Colilert can detect or measure both Coliform and Escherichia coli simultaneously with results within 24 hours.
- 3M Petrifilm E.coli / coliform will be used to detect or measure both Coliform and Escherichia coli with results within 48 hours.
Qualitative Analysis Of Fibers
Microscopic Test
To observe the fiber structure under the microscope. Two types of fiber structure are observed: cross-sectional and longitudinal sections.
Burning Test
To identify specific groups of fibers by looking at the fiber's response to flame.
Chemical Solubility Test
To study the response of fibers to solvents. Observations on the solubility and decomposition of fibers using various groups of reagent solvents which are usually strong acid or basic solutions.
Quantitative Analysis of Fibers
Mixture of cellulose and polyester fiber (method using sulfuric acid). Quantitatively determine the amount of cellulose fibers, after the removal of non-fibrous material, in textiles made from a mixture of natural and regenerated cellulose fibers and polyester fibers.
Instrumental Analysis of Polymers
Qualitative identification of polymers such as thermoplastics, rubber, and unknown materials by FTIR. Examples: polyurethane (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). Confirmation and identification of advanced polymers carried out using DSC or TGA / DSC instruments is usually used to identify the type of rubber. Examples: rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile rubber (NBR).
Fibers Confirmatory Analysis
To confirm the halogen group which is chlorine (Cl).
To detect the presence of nitrogen, sulfur and chloride groups.
Finished Footwear
Measure the adhesive strength of the glue between the upper and sole of the shoe.
Measure the durability and flexibility of the entire shoe using flexing movement at a set angle and frequency.
Measure the weight of the shoe.
Measures the shoe's capacity to protect the toe of the shoe from impact.
Measure height, thickness and shoe parameters.
Sole Material
Measure the thickness of the shoe sole.
Measure the tensile strength, elongation and yield strength of shoe soles.
Measure the durability and flexibility of shoe soles using flexing movement at a set angle and frequency.
Determine the hardness of the shoe sole.
Measuring the resistance/resistance of shoe soles to oil/lubricants.
Footwear (Upper Leather/Synthetic Material)
Measuring the durability and flexibility of uppers (leather/synthetic material) using flexing movement at a set angle and frequency.
Measure the thickness of the shoe upper material .
Measuring the tensile strength, elongation and yield strength of leather or fabric materials used for shoe uppers .
Determine durability by applying pressure to the upper surface of the leather sample.
Footwear Accessories
Measure the tensile strength and elongation of shoelaces.
Measure the tensile strength and elongation of sewing threads used in shoe manufacturing.
Webbing Material
Measure the tensile strength and elongation of shoe webbing material .
Smoke Box
To measure the optical density of the smoke produced by the test sample.
UL 94 – AVH Chamber
To measure combustion properties (after burning, after igniting).
Cone Calorimeter
To measure heat release rate (HRR), smoke emission, ignition time, oxygen consumption, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide production and mass reduction rate when specimens are exposed to a heating cone source.
Limited Oxygen Index Tester
To measure the minimum oxygen concentration required during combustion of the specimen.
Mass Per Unit Area
Fabric weight is an important technical specification in fabric performance evaluation. It is measured by exposing a small sample of known dimensions and weighing it, then the weight per unit area is calculated.
Thread Count
Thread count is counting the number of fabric threads per cm. It consists of vertical threads ( warp ) and horizontal threads ( weft ) that are woven together.
Breaking Load
To determine the maximum force and elongation at maximum force of the specimen in a standard environment.
Tearing Strength
To measure how well a material can withstand the effects of tearing or resist increased cutting forces under applied pressure.
Abrasion Resistance Test
Abrasion resistance is the ability of a fabric to resist surface-induced frictional contact with other materials including physical damage to fibers, threads and fabrics.
Dimensional Change After Washing
A change in size (dimension) results in a reduction in the length or width of a specimen subject to certain conditions of known shrinkage.
Color Fastness
To evaluate the color change that occurs in the fabric after a certain color fading test is carried out. Gray Scale is used to evaluate the degree of color change of the results from class 1 (very bad color change) to class 5 (no change in the original color).
The color fading tests carried out are:
- Color fastness to washing
- Color fastness to perspiration
- Color fastness to rubbing
- Color fastness to water
Drape Coefficient Test
A test to measure the softness/fall of fabric. It is defined as the percentage of the annular ring area covered by the drape/softness of the fabric.
Color Coordinate
The method of calculating the color coordinates of the sample. This color coordinate is measured using a spectrophotometer.
Comfort Test on Fabric
To evaluate the moisture management properties of textiles quantitatively by measuring the transfer of liquid moisture on the fabric in various directions, where the liquid moisture is spread over both the surface of the fabric and transferred from one surface to another.
Sweating Guarded Hotplate is to simulate the heat and mass transfer process that occurs on human skin. This tool is used to determine the fabric's heat resistance and water vapor resistance in a standard environment.
Test types:
- Heat resistance test
- Water vapor resistance test
Moisture Content
Moisture analysis is to determine the moisture content in food.
- Rapid Test Method using Moisture Analyzer
- Conventional Method using Oven
Ash Content
Ash content is a measure of the amount of minerals found in food while mineral content is a measure of the amount of certain inorganic components found in food.
Crude Fat
Crude fat content is an estimate of the amount of fat in food. For the fat content test that is carried out is the crude fat content which consists of real fat and some other types of lipids .
Crude Fibre
Crude fiber analysis is used to divide carbohydrates into digestible fractions. Crude fiber extract is one that is used as a standard analysis for the fibrous part or the indigestible carbohydrate part of food.
Crude Protein
Crude protein is a chemical analysis of food where the amount of nitrogen produced during the analysis will be used to estimate the amount of protein in the food.
Energy Value (Bomb Calorimeter)
Bomb Calorimeter is used to determine the energy value of food. The energy value of food shows how much energy can be obtained by humans through the metabolic process . Energy values are expressed in kilojoules (kJ) per 100g or 100ml. However, the energy value that is always used is in units of kilocalories (kcal).
pH value
A pH meter is used to determine the pH value in any type of food. The pH value is a measurement of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution that is usually measured on a scale of 0 to 14. The pH value is important to produce products with consistently defined characteristics, to avoid health problems for consumers and to comply with food regulations.
Brix Value
Brix value ( ºBrix ) is the value of food sugar content. Brix is used in the food industry to measure the amount of sugar in fruit, vegetables, juices, soft drinks and the starch and sugar manufacturing industry.
Sensory Evaluation Test
Sensory Testing is a scientific method to measure, analyze and interpret impressions of products seen through sight, smell, touch, taste and hearing. Sensory testing is carried out if there is a new product developed and the purpose is to evaluate consumer acceptance of the product.
Rapid Test for pH, Color, Total Dissolve Solids (TDS), Turbidity and Microbiological Kit for Water Quality Test
Spectrophotometer and YSI 556 MPS will be used for water quality testing. There are certain parameters that can be determined using this equipment.
Microbiological Kits for Water Quality Testing
- Idexx Colilert can detect or measure both Coliform and Escherichia coli simultaneously with results within 24 hours.
- 3M Petrifilm E.coli / coliform will be used to detect or measure both Coliform and Escherichia coli with results within 48 hours.
Qualitative Analysis Of Fibers
Microscopic Test
To observe the fiber structure under the microscope. Two types of fiber structure are observed: cross-sectional and longitudinal sections.
Burning Test
To identify specific groups of fibers by looking at the fiber's response to flame.
Chemical Solubility Test
To study the response of fibers to solvents. Observations on the solubility and decomposition of fibers using various groups of reagent solvents which are usually strong acid or basic solutions.
Quantitative Analysis of Fibers
Mixture of cellulose and polyester fiber (method using sulfuric acid). Quantitatively determine the amount of cellulose fibers, after the removal of non-fibrous material, in textiles made from a mixture of natural and regenerated cellulose fibers and polyester fibers.
Instrumental Analysis of Polymers
Qualitative identification of polymers such as thermoplastics, rubber, and unknown materials by FTIR. Examples: polyurethane (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). Confirmation and identification of advanced polymers carried out using DSC or TGA / DSC instruments is usually used to identify the type of rubber. Examples: rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile rubber (NBR).
Fibers Confirmatory Analysis
To confirm the halogen group which is chlorine (Cl).
To detect the presence of nitrogen, sulfur and chloride groups.
Finished Footwear
Measure the adhesive strength of the glue between the upper and sole of the shoe.
Measure the durability and flexibility of the entire shoe using flexing movement at a set angle and frequency.
Measure the weight of the shoe.
Measures the shoe's capacity to protect the toe of the shoe from impact.
Measure height, thickness and shoe parameters.
Sole Material
Measure the thickness of the shoe sole.
Measure the tensile strength, elongation and yield strength of shoe soles.
Measure the durability and flexibility of shoe soles using flexing movement at a set angle and frequency.
Determine the hardness of the shoe sole.
Measuring the resistance/resistance of shoe soles to oil/lubricants.
Footwear (Upper Leather/Synthetic Material)
Measuring the durability and flexibility of uppers (leather/synthetic material) using flexing movement at a set angle and frequency.
Measure the thickness of the shoe upper material .
Measuring the tensile strength, elongation and yield strength of leather or fabric materials used for shoe uppers .
Determine durability by applying pressure to the upper surface of the leather sample.
Footwear Accessories
Measure the tensile strength and elongation of shoelaces.
Measure the tensile strength and elongation of sewing threads used in shoe manufacturing.
Webbing Material
Measure the tensile strength and elongation of shoe webbing material .
Smoke Box
To measure the optical density of the smoke produced by the test sample.
UL 94 – AVH Chamber
To measure combustion properties (after burning, after igniting).
Cone Calorimeter
To measure heat release rate (HRR), smoke emission, ignition time, oxygen consumption, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide production and mass reduction rate when specimens are exposed to a heating cone source.
Limited Oxygen Index Tester
To measure the minimum oxygen concentration required during combustion of the specimen.
For more detailed information, please contact:
Soraya binti Mohammed
Phone: 603-4012 6890
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